Question Bank - Environmental Studies

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Himalaya May Apple, a medical plant is only found in higher altitudinal regions. This plant is categorized as :

A.
Exotic
B.
Abundant
C.
Endemic
D.
Endangered

Solution:

Concept:Conservation:Conservation preserves the ecological diversity and our life support systems €œ water, air and soil.It also preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth of species and breeding.So biodiversity conservation is a type of protection and management technique for biodiversity so we can gain sustainable development from resources.Explanation:Endangered species:These are the species which are in danger of extinction.Species whose numbers are diminishing to a level that they might face extinction are known as endangered species.The survival of such species is difficult if the negative factors that have led to a decline in their population continue to operate.Himalaya May Apple:The scientific name of this plant is Sinopodophyllum sp.This plant is native to Afghanistan, Bhutan, Northan India, Pakistan, Nepal, Kashmir, and Western China.Medical use:?Although its roots and rhizome are poisonous, It is used as a medicine traditionally.These plants contain lignans that have anticancer, antifungal and immunomodulatory properties.The resin is also used to extract podophyllin and treat genital warts.Mainly massive extraction of this plant roots stock leads to destructive harvesting.Overexploision and deforestation have resulted, in this species being endangered.Now this species belongs on IUCN endangered species list.Thus, this plant is categorized as Endangered.Additional InformationEndemic species:Endemic species are those species of plants and animals which are found exclusively in a particular area.Examples of the endemic species are-Wild Mango endemic flora of the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.Bison, Indian giant squirrel and flying squirrel are endemic fauna of this area.Exotic species:An invasive species or imported species or exotic species is a non-native species that spread from a point of introduction to invade and negatively affect a new ecosystem.They're normally introduced by humans into different ecosystems.An example of exotic species is water hyacinth.

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