The correct answer is Neither 1 nor 2.Estimates Committee The origin of this committee can be traced back to the pre-independence era to the standing finance committee set up in 1921.As mentioned in the then-finance minister John Mathai's speech presenting the 1950-51 budget, the first estimate committee in the post-independence era was formed in 1950 on his advice.The Estimate Committee had 25 members at first, but that number increased to 30 in 1956.It is a type of financial commitment in the constitution of India. It is one of the permanent standing committees. Hence, Statement 1 is not correct.All the 30 members are from Loksabha onlyRajya Sabha has no representation in this committee.Members are elected every year from amongst Loksabha members according to the principle of proportional representation by means of a single transferable vote. Thus all parties get due representation in the committee.No minister can be a member of the estimates committeeThe Chairman of the Estimates committee is appointed by the Speaker of the Loksabha from amongst its membersThe chairman appointed invariably belongs to the ruling party.The Railway Convention CommitteeIt is an ad-hoc Committee. Hence, Statement 2 is not correct.It consists of 18 members. Out of these, 12 members are from Lok Sabha nominated by the Speaker and 6 members are from Rajya Sabha nominated by the Chairman.By convention, the Minister of Finance and the Minister of Railways are members of the Committee.Besides this, Ministers of State in the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Railways respectively are also its members.The main function of the Committee is to review the Rate of Dividend payable by the Railways undertaking to General Revenues as well as other ancillary matters in connection with the Railway Finance vis-a-vis the General Finance and make recommendations thereon.The Railway Convention Committee, 1949 was the first Committee after independence.This Committee and subsequent Committees confined themselves to determining the rate of dividend payable by Railways to General Revenues.Since 1971 the Railway Convention Committees have been taking up subjects for examination and report which have a bearing on the working of Railways.