Question Bank - Logical Reasoning

Here's the question bank on all the logical reasoning topics.

Given below are two statements : Statement I : The terms 'Valid' and 'invalid' apply to arguments. Statement II : The terms 'Cogent' and Non-cogent' apply to statements. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A.
Both Statement I and Statement II are true
B.
Both Statement I and Statement II are false
C.
Statement I is true but Statement II is false
D.
Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Solution:

An argument is a claim defended with reasons. It comprises a group of statements with one or more statements (premises) supporting another statement (conclusion). An argument is an act of presenting reasons to support an individuals position or point of view.Arguments are the basis of persuasive communication. Important PointsStatements I: The terms 'Valid' and 'invalid' apply to arguments.A deductive argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. Otherwise, a deductive argument is said to be invalid.The inductive argument involves the claim that the truth of its premises provides some grounds for its conclusion or makes the conclusion more probable; the terms valid and invalid cannot be applied.Thus this statement is wrong.Statement II: The terms 'Cogent' and Non-cogent' apply to statements. A cogent argument is an inductive argument that is both strong and that all of its premises are true.An uncogent argument is an inductive argument that is either weak or has at least one false premise.To say an argument is cogent is to say it is good and believable; there is good evidence that the conclusion is true.A weak argument cannot be cogent, nor can a strong one with a false premise(s). The concept of true premises sometimes bothers people.Thus this statement is false.Therefore with the given information, we can say that both statements I and II are false.

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